Category: upstream vs downstream
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Health inequalities and upstream public health
The upstream-downstream metaphor helps public health practitioners to choose cost-effective public health interventions. This post curate peer-reviewed articles of which the main focus is the upstream-downstream” metaphor. 1. The upstream versus downstream metaphor to reduce health inequalities In this article Naoimh, E. McMahon reviews literature published until June 2020 to…
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Upstream vs downstream in public health
Those who know public health know Prof. Irving Zola‘s “upstream vs downstream” parable. Irving Zola is a medical sociologist. His friend, John McKinlay, describes Zola’s parable in his 2019 article titled “A case for re-focusing upstream: The political economy of illness”1. The “Upstream boat” sails through this upstream path. Following…